Journal: Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy

Article Title: Targeting cytokine and chemokine signaling pathways for cancer therapy

doi: 10.1038/s41392-024-01868-3

Figure Lengend Snippet: Agents targeting TGF-β in preclinical or clinical studies

Article Snippet: Integrin αvβ6 , mAb , 264RAD , AstraZeneca.

Techniques:

Journal: ACS Omega

Article Title: Design, Synthesis, and Targeted Delivery of Fluorescent 1,2,4-Triazole–Peptide Conjugates to Pediatric Brain Tumor Cells

doi: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01903

Figure Lengend Snippet: Docking presentation of (a, b) 4BO2MOBAHMT derivative and (c, d) LC-CNP-4BO2MOBAHMT conjugate in the active binding site of αvβ6 integrin.

Article Snippet: The crystal structure of the integrin αvβ6 (PDB code: 4UM9, resolution: 2.50 Å) was downloaded from PDB Databank, and globular head of the integrin was used for docking studies.

Techniques: Binding Assay

Journal: ACS Omega

Article Title: Design, Synthesis, and Targeted Delivery of Fluorescent 1,2,4-Triazole–Peptide Conjugates to Pediatric Brain Tumor Cells

doi: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01903

Figure Lengend Snippet: Docking Score of 1,2,4-Triazole Derivatives ( 2a – c ) and Their Conjugates ( 4a – c ) as a Result of Interactions with αvβ6 Integrin

Article Snippet: The crystal structure of the integrin αvβ6 (PDB code: 4UM9, resolution: 2.50 Å) was downloaded from PDB Databank, and globular head of the integrin was used for docking studies.

Techniques:

Journal: The Journal of General Virology

Article Title: An infectious recombinant foot-and-mouth disease virus expressing a fluorescent marker protein

doi: 10.1099/vir.0.052308-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Determination of the packaging limitations for the targeted insertion site of the FMDV genome. (a) Schematic representation of the FMDV genome, showing the positions of the forward (F) and reverse (R) primers used to investigate the retention of different portions of the GFP gene. (b) Top: PCR controls performed using the T2- to T7-FMDV infectious copy plasmids as templates (see ). The PCR products show the expected amplification products derived from each of the FMDV genomes in the absence of deletions. Bottom: RT-PCR analysis of FMDV genomes (T2- to T7-FMDV) containing different portions of the GFP gene. FMDV genomes were prepared from goat epithelium cells infected with P0 virus stocks. T6- and T7-FMDV clearly show deletion of their respective insertions.

Article Snippet: A goat epithelium cell line expressing the principal FMDV receptor (integrin αvβ6) was subsequently used to passage the tagged viruses (P1) ( Brehm et al. , 2009 ).

Techniques: Amplification, Derivative Assay, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, Infection, Virus

Journal: The Journal of General Virology

Article Title: An infectious recombinant foot-and-mouth disease virus expressing a fluorescent marker protein

doi: 10.1099/vir.0.052308-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: iLOV-FMDV is viable and stable. (a) Western blot analysis of whole-cell lysates prepared from goat epithelium cells infected with iLOV-FMDV. Samples were probed for the presence of iLOV, the non-structural FMDV 3A protein (and 3A-B precursors, black bar) and γ-tubulin (loading control). Asterisks indicate non-specific bands. (b) Fluorescence microscopy of goat epithelium cells infected with iLOV-FMDV. Nuclei are stained blue (DAPI). (c) RT-PCR analysis of iLOV-FMDV genomes prepared from P2, P3 and P4 virus stocks. Genome derived from the parental wild-type virus was also analysed as a control. (d) Growth analysis comparison of parental wild-type FMDV and iLOV-FMDV. Goat epithelium cells were infected with the respective virus (0.1 m.o.i.) and samples analysed at 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 h post-infection. Similar results were obtained from three individual experiments. (e) Plaque morphology of goat epithelium cells infected with parental wild-type FMDV or iLOV-FMDV.

Article Snippet: A goat epithelium cell line expressing the principal FMDV receptor (integrin αvβ6) was subsequently used to passage the tagged viruses (P1) ( Brehm et al. , 2009 ).

Techniques: Western Blot, Infection, Control, Fluorescence, Microscopy, Staining, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, Virus, Derivative Assay, Comparison

Journal: The Journal of General Virology

Article Title: An infectious recombinant foot-and-mouth disease virus expressing a fluorescent marker protein

doi: 10.1099/vir.0.052308-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Detection of iLOV-FMDV-infected cells by flow cytometry. Goat epithelium cells were either mock infected or infected with iLOV-FMDV or parental FMDV at an m.o.i. of 2. After 4 h, cells were analysed by flow cytometry. (a–h) Density plots for iLOV-FMDV-infected or parental-FMDV-infected cells. (a, b) Infected and unlabelled cells analysed for iLOV expression. (c, d) Infected cells analysed for iLOV and FMDV non-structural protein 3A expression as detected with mAb 2C2. (e, f) Infected cells analysed for iLOV and FMDV capsid expression as detected with mAb IB11. (g, h) Infected cells analysed for iLOV expression and labelled with isotype control mAbs TRT1 and TRT3. (i–l) Histograms displayed for unlabelled cells infected with parental FMDV (i), mock infected (j), infected with iLOV-FMDV (k) and overlay of parental-FMDV-infected (red) and ILOV-FMDV-infected (black) cells (l).

Article Snippet: A goat epithelium cell line expressing the principal FMDV receptor (integrin αvβ6) was subsequently used to passage the tagged viruses (P1) ( Brehm et al. , 2009 ).

Techniques: Infection, Flow Cytometry, Expressing, Control

Journal: The Journal of General Virology

Article Title: An infectious recombinant foot-and-mouth disease virus expressing a fluorescent marker protein

doi: 10.1099/vir.0.052308-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Detection of iLOV-FMDV-infected cells by live-cell imaging. (a–c) Still images from live-cell imaging experiments during which goat epithelium cells were infected at an m.o.i. of 2 with either parental-FMDV (a) or iLOV-FMDV (b) or mock infected (c). Cells imaged by differential interference contrast optics are shown. iLOV-expressing cells (green) are clearly visible in (b). Bar, 20 µm.

Article Snippet: A goat epithelium cell line expressing the principal FMDV receptor (integrin αvβ6) was subsequently used to passage the tagged viruses (P1) ( Brehm et al. , 2009 ).

Techniques: Infection, Live Cell Imaging, Expressing

Journal: Drug Delivery

Article Title: Phototherapeutic effect of transformable peptides containing pheophorbide a on colorectal cancer

doi: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2075987

Figure Lengend Snippet: Self-assembly, and nano fibrillar transformation of smart peptide monomer GRGDLGRL-KLVFF-GGK-PheoA (P1). Fluorescent intensity (a) and absorbance (b) of NPs1 solutions with different water content (including 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 99.5%). The excitation wavelength was 405 nm. (c) TEM images of fresh NPs1 at the water and DMSO ratio of 995:5. Fluorescent intensity (d) and variation in size distribution (e) of NFs1 (NPs1 incubated with integrin αvβ6 protein at the molar ratio of 500:1) within 48 h. (f) TEM image of NFs1 transformed by initial NPs1 after incubation with αvβ6 protein for 24 h. The concentration of NPs1 related to these experiments was 20 µM, and all these experiments were repeated three times.

Article Snippet: To prepare the nanofibrils (NFs), nanoparticles (20 μM) were cultured with the integrin αvβ6 protein (recombinant human integrin αvβ6/ITGAV&ITGB6 heterodimer protein, ACROBiosystems) for 24 h at the molar ratio of peptide/protein 500:1 (the same as the following experiment).

Techniques: Transformation Assay, Incubation, Concentration Assay

Journal: Drug Delivery

Article Title: Phototherapeutic effect of transformable peptides containing pheophorbide a on colorectal cancer

doi: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2075987

Figure Lengend Snippet: Transformation and retention of NPs on the cancer cells' surface. (a) Fluorescence distribution images of integrin αvβ6 protein and different NPs (incubation with cells for 8 h) on HT-29 tumor cells. Integrin αvβ6 protein: Green color (excitation wavelength = 488 nm). PheoA: Red color (excitation wavelength = 405 nm). (b) Fluorescence distribution images of cancer cells treated with NPs1 for 1, 8, and 24 h. (c) SEM images of tumor cells incubation with different NPs for 24 h. (d) Fluorescence signal retention on tumor cells. Cells were incubated with different NPs for 8 h, respectively, then the complete DMEM was removed and replaced with flesh complete DMEM without NPs for another 16 and 40 h. The concentration of NPs related to these experiments was 20 µM, and all these experiments were repeated three times.

Article Snippet: To prepare the nanofibrils (NFs), nanoparticles (20 μM) were cultured with the integrin αvβ6 protein (recombinant human integrin αvβ6/ITGAV&ITGB6 heterodimer protein, ACROBiosystems) for 24 h at the molar ratio of peptide/protein 500:1 (the same as the following experiment).

Techniques: Transformation Assay, Fluorescence, Incubation, Concentration Assay

Journal: Drug Delivery

Article Title: Phototherapeutic effect of transformable peptides containing pheophorbide a on colorectal cancer

doi: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2075987

Figure Lengend Snippet: The therapeutic effect of different NPs in vitro . (a) Temperature variation of NPs1 and NFs1 (NPs1 incubation with αvβ6 protein for 24 h) during four irradiation-cooling cycles (laser irradiation for 120 s, and then cooling for 90 s). The concentration of NPs1 and NFs1 was 50 μM. (b) ROS generation of different NPs (20 μM) with/without αvβ6 protein by using DCFH fluorescence probe after irradiation for 30 s (excitation wavelength = 488 nm). (c) Cell viability of HT-29 cancer cells after incubation with different NPs for 8 h, with irradiation (30 s) or not. The fluorescence images (Green color: apoptosis cells; Red color: necrosis cells) (d) and quantitative analysis (e) of apoptosis cells after treatment with different NPs (20 μM) for 8 h, then irradiation for 30 s or not. The excitation wavelengths of FITC and PI were 488 nm and 535 nm, respectively. Cellular ROS generation via flow cytometry (f) and relative quantitative analysis (g). DCFH-DA Cellular Reactive Oxygen Assay Kit was used to detect ROS after treating cancer cells with different NPs for 8 h with/without irradiation for 30 s (excitation wavelength = 488 nm). (h) Cell viability of long-term retention of NPs. Treating cancer cells with different NPs for 8 h, and replaced with a new flesh medium for 16 h prior to irradiation for 30 s, then the viability of the cells were assayed by MTT. (i) Apoptosis and ROS generation of long-term retention of NPs. Before irradiation for 30 s, cancer cells were treated with different NPs for 8 h plus another 16 h with fresh medium. Using an inversion microscope to detect apoptosis, and flow cytometry to detect ROS generation. The irradiation powder density remained at 0.4 W/cm 2 in these experiments. Data were presented as mean ± s.d. ( n = 3, *P < .1, **P < .01, ***P < .001).

Article Snippet: To prepare the nanofibrils (NFs), nanoparticles (20 μM) were cultured with the integrin αvβ6 protein (recombinant human integrin αvβ6/ITGAV&ITGB6 heterodimer protein, ACROBiosystems) for 24 h at the molar ratio of peptide/protein 500:1 (the same as the following experiment).

Techniques: In Vitro, Incubation, Irradiation, Concentration Assay, Fluorescence, Flow Cytometry, Microscopy